The validation involved (primarily aged 18–27): Sex: 255 women and 132 men.
59.2% European American, 22.0% Asian, 7.0% Hispanic or Latino, 6.5% African American, and 5.2% other/unknown. Academic Output
Validation of the Parental Facilitation of Mastery Scale – II - PMC 24322 rar
The primary output of this grant is the formal validation study, "Validation of the Parental Facilitation of Mastery Scale–II" , published in the Journal of Clinical Psychology .
The study provided evidence for "strong measurement invariance" of the PFMS-II two-factor structure across biological sexes. This suggests the tool is equally effective for evaluating parenting dynamics regardless of the child's sex. The validation involved (primarily aged 18–27): Sex: 255
The research, conducted at the and Wake Forest University , focused on refining and validating a psychometric tool designed to measure how parental behaviors influence a child's development of mastery and resilience. Key Findings
To improve clarity, the "low protection" scale was rescored in the opposite direction and renamed the "overprotection" scale , where higher scores reflect higher levels of parental overprotection. Study Demographics Key Findings To improve clarity, the "low protection"
Lower scores on the "challenge" factor of the scale were significantly associated with higher scores on the DASS-21 depression scale (