Unlike other NSAIDs like ibuprofen, aspirin permanently disables the COX enzyme for the life of the platelet (about 8–10 days).

In 1897, Bayer chemist Felix Hoffmann synthesized acetylsalicylic acid to create a more tolerable, less stomach-irritating form of salicylic acid.

Aspirin works by inhibiting enzymes called cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2, which are responsible for producing prostaglandins—substances that cause inflammation, pain, and fever.

Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) is arguably the world's most enduring "wonder drug," with an estimated 40,000 tons consumed annually. It is a versatile nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that acts as a pain reliever (analgesic), fever reducer (antipyretic), anti-inflammatory, and a crucial anti-platelet agent.

While essential for individuals who have already had a heart attack (secondary prevention), many experts now advise against daily aspirin for healthy individuals (primary prevention) due to bleeding risks outweighing the benefits. Aspirin - NHS inform

Prescribed for long-term daily use to reduce the risk of further cardiovascular events, such as heart attacks or ischaemic strokes.

Commercialized in 1899, it quickly became a staple in medicine cabinets,, eventually helping millions manage aches and reduce fevers during the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic.

Used for acute pain relief, fever reduction, and controlling inflammation.