Critical Information Infrastructures Security: ... -

The "air-gapped" isolation of the past is gone. Today’s threat landscape is defined by five structural realities that are reshaping resilience priorities:

: Adversaries now routinely use Large Language Models (LLMs) to craft hyper-personalized phishing and plausible deepfakes, achieving significantly higher compromise rates than traditional methods. Critical Information Infrastructures Security: ...

: The objective has shifted from simple data theft to taking systems offline. Attack campaigns targeting CI surged by 87% in early 2025 . The "air-gapped" isolation of the past is gone

Protecting CII is complicated by several inherent weaknesses in how these systems were built and maintained: Key competencies for critical infrastructure cyber-security Critical Information Infrastructures Security: ...

: Over 97% of identity-based attacks target password-based authentication. Attackers now use legitimate credentials to bridge the gap between enterprise IT and operational technology (OT).