: This research specifically links factors like structural discrimination and sex work to increased smoking rates among transgender women. Common Findings in the Literature:
: This paper explores differences within the transgender community, noting that while both groups have high rates, smoking behaviors and risks vary based on gender identity. find she males smoking
Several academic papers examine smoking patterns among transgender women (often referred to as male-to-female or MTF), highlighting that this population is significantly more likely to smoke than cisgender individuals. Key research papers include: : This research specifically links factors like structural
: This study found that 83% of a sample of transgender women had smoked in the past month, often as a way to cope with discrimination and minority stress. Key research papers include: : This study found
: A qualitative study using "photovoice" (where participants take photos of their daily lives) to identify six major themes for smoking, including gender affirmation and the experience of stress .