: Crucially, IHL is distinct from jus ad bellum , which governs the legality of going to war in the first place; IHL ( jus in bello ) applies once a conflict has started, regardless of its cause. 2. The Four Fundamental Pillars
This paper provides a detailed overview of , also known as the "law of war" or the "law of armed conflict." IHL is a set of rules that, for humanitarian reasons, seeks to limit the effects of armed conflict. 1. Definition and Core Purpose : Crucially, IHL is distinct from jus ad
According to the American Red Cross , IHL is built on four central principles that guide decision-making during war: : It safeguards civilians and those hors de
: An attack is prohibited if the incidental loss of life or damage to civilian property is excessive in relation to the concrete military advantage anticipated. such as the wounded
: Parties must always distinguish between civilians and combatants, and between civilian objects and military objectives.
: It safeguards civilians and those hors de combat (out of the fight), such as the wounded, sick, and prisoners of war.