Brief lines of text added over a shot, often at the bottom of the screen. These are frequently used for legal "small print," regulatory disclosures, or reinforcing a brand's slogan.
Creative use of text as a central visual element. For example, brands like Vodafone have used animated typography to set a specific tone or identity.
Matching on-screen text with spoken audio. Research indicates this can significantly boost brand recall and help viewers remember verbal information.